Two-Dimensional RSSI-Based Indoor Localization Using Multiple Leaky Coaxial Cables With a Probabilistic Neural Network

Received signal strength indicator (RSSI) based indoor localization technology has its irreplaceable advantages for many location-aware applications. It is becoming obvious that in the development of fifth-generation (5G) and future communication technology, indoor localization technology will play a key role in location-based application scenarios including smart home systems, manufacturing automation, health care, and robotics. Compared with wireless coverage using conventional monopole antenna, leaky coaxial cables (LCX) can generate a uniform and stable wireless coverage over a long-narrow linear-cell or irregular environment such as railway station and underground shopping-mall, especially for some manufacturing factories with wireless zone areas from a large number of mental machines. This paper presents a localization method using multiple leaky coaxial cables (LCX) for an indoor multipath-rich environment. Different from conventional localization methods based on time of arrival (TOA) or time difference of arrival (TDOA), we consider improving the localization accuracy by machine learning RSSI from LCX. We will present a probabilistic neural network (PNN) approach by utilizing RSSI from LCX. The proposal is aimed at the two-dimensional (2-D) localization in a trajectory. In addition, we also compared the performance of the RSSI-based PNN (RSSI-PNN) method and conventional TDOA method over the same environment. The results show the RSSI-PNN method is promising and more than 90% of the localization errors in the RSSI-PNN method are within 1 m. Compared with the conventional TDOA method, the RSSI-PNN method has better localization performance especially in the middle area of the wireless coverage of LCXs in the indoor environment.