Three-Dimensional Model of the Radio Links Formation between the Base Station Antenna and the User Terminal with Retransmission through the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

A three-dimensional model of the radio links formation between a base station (BS) of a mobile communication system and a ground user terminal with signal relaying through an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has been developed. This takes into account the full volumetric radiation pattern of the base station antenna and its directivity in relation to the position in space of the UAV. Based on this model, an analysis of propagation losses and the main characteristics of wireless channels between the BS, the repeater UAV, and the user terminal is carried out.