Proactive Generation Redispatch to Enhance Power System Resilience During Hurricanes Considering Unavailability of Renewable Energy Sources

This article proposes a proactive generation redispatch strategy to enhance operational resilience of power grids during hurricanes considering unavailability and forced outages of renewable energy sources (RESs). Previous resilience enhancement strategies focus on utilizing available generation resources to enhance the performance of power grids during extreme events without proactively preparing the system for predicted events. Recent incidents have shown that unavailability and forced outages of RESs during extreme weather events can lead to catastrophic impacts. Due to spatiotemporal characteristics of hurricanes and rapidly varying component statuses, system operators need to initiate proactive actions early in time to avoid power outages and potential cascading failures. In this article, a mixed integer linear programming problem is formulated to minimize the amount of load curtailments and operational costs. The optimization problem considers the behavior of RESs and their forced outages during hurricanes. Operational generation constraints (e.g., ramping rates, minimum up/down times, and start-up/shut-down generation costs), transmission constraints (e.g., line capacity and line availability), and other system constraints (e.g., load and weather variation) are considered for the resilience enhancement approach. The importance of the proactive redispatch strategy is assessed under various penetration levels of RESs. The proposed strategy is tested on a modified version of the IEEE 30-bus system under diverse impact levels of a hurricane. The results show the effectiveness of the proactive and dynamic generation redispatch to improve power system resilience and the capability to reduce the load curtailments with limited generation resources during hurricanes by at least 40%.