Broadband Direct Coupled Stacked Microstrip Antenna for TVWS Band

A stacked MSA is proposed with a direct-coupled feed to achieve broadband frequency response at the TVWS band. To make the antenna compact, H-shaped patches are used at the top layer. To increase gain and front-to-back ratio a cavity is formed by folding the ground plane. The antenna is designed using an Aluminium sheet resulting in a low-cost solution with high power handling capability. The proposed antenna having size $0.91\lambda_{0}\times 0.52\lambda_{0} \times 0.19\lambda_{0}$ provides 26.3% bandwidth, 9.8 dBi peak gain, better than 19 dB front-to-back ratio, low cross-pols, and a better figure of merit.