A circularly polarized patch antenna matched to liver surface with TX coupling medium

A probe-fed circularly polarized patch antenna with cross slot and shorting pins is designed as a receiving antenna for ex-vivo microwave liver ablation experiments. For better matching with the liver surface, the antenna is simulated with tissue phantom mimicking the dielectric properties of liver made of TX material as a coupling medium in the background. The reflection loss bandwidth (2.0-2.8 GHz) and the axial ratio bandwidth (2.1-2.9 GHz) of the antenna covers the 2.4-2.5 GHz ISM band used for microwave ablation. The bore-sight gain of the antenna is −42 dBi and 3 dB axial ratio beam-width is 6° around the bore-sight at 2.45 GHz. The diameter of the antenna is 22 mm making it possible to place multiple antennas on the liver sample surface.