Microwave Resonator based a Fractal Moore Structure for Modern Wireless Reconfigurable Systems

In this work, a design of a microwave resonator based on reconfigurable technology is proposed for different modern wireless communication systems. In the proposed design, Moore geometry is invoked based on the $4^{\text{t}\text{h}}$ order that is fetched to a T-resonator. The resulting combination is attached to a transmission line with two air gaps to realize a frequency resonance of about 0.8 GHz. The purpose of this study is to apply such technology to characterize liquids. The proposed sensor is mounted on an FR4 substrate of 1.6 mm with an area of $50\times 50\text{m}\text{m}^{2}$. The resulting design dimensions are optimized using a commercial software package of CST MWS formulations. The proposed resonator performance in terms of S
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and S
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is evaluated based on numerical calculations. Later, for reconfiguration purposes, two varactor diodes with two photoresistors are introduced to control the frequency band and the S-parameters with the frequency band of interest. Therefore, the photoresistor is suggested to reconFigure the frequency band by controlling the current motion along the fractal trace and varactor diodes are considered to sweep the frequency resonance at the desired band. The resonant frequency sweeping after introducing the varactor diodes is found to vary from 0.6 GHz up to 0.9 GHz. However, a significant change is found to be occurring in the resonance band when the LDR value changes relative to the light of incidence. Such technology is found to be an excellent candidate for many modern wireless technologies that may invoke optical-based interface systems.