Research on Electric Vehicle Charging System: Key Technologies, Communication Techniques, Control Strategies and Standards

With the advancements in power electronic technologies and the adoption of renewable energy sources, Electric vehicles (EVs) are regarded as a key solution in developing a sustainable and carbon-free mode of transportation. However, the major setback for the EVs proliferation includes high EV cost, limited range of operation, and fast battery degradation. To address these issues, development of efficient charging technology, improvement in the EVs battery life-cycle, and performance enhancement of EVs are necessary. The charging technology’s efficiency is determined by the charging strategy employed and the communication technology used. The other factors that influence the charging efficiency include - charging power levels, type of charger, and the quality of power supply used for the EVs charging. This paper presents the current strategies of charging, charge termination, charge stabilization, and cell equalization, as well as their technological breakthroughs in detail. The paper also discusses EVs battery charging types, charging power levels, communication requirements, and available EV charging standards, which would assist the researchers in gaining an understanding of current technologies in the field of EV charging systems.