A Sustainable Business Framework Using Solar and Bio-Energy to Instate Incessant Power in Rural India: Optimal Scheduling, Smart Metering, and Economic Viability

In this paper, a profitable strategy of utilizing solar and bio-energy available in a rural location for meeting the energy deficit is discussed. The proposed model can provide 24-hour continual power supply to the vicinity without the need for any battery. The land requirement is minimal in the proposed model making it cost-effective for implementation. The paper provides a step by step procedure to optimally size the solar and bio-power plants and schedule their operation for maximum utility. A programmable smart meter connected with a central system having a user-friendly control algorithm has also been proposed at every home for end-user profitability. The smart meter will indicate energy consumption in local home, its solar energy generation, vicinity power demand, current tariff of power usage, energy imported/exported and other required details. The proposed model is discussed in detail for comprising of two adjacent villages named Gaddikheri and Tajamajra in Rohtak (Haryana), North India (having 768 houses). The technical and financial analysis at this location is done using RETScreen expert software and the results are presented. The system is found to provide 24-hr power supply and also be profitable with the capital cost being recovered in less than 8 years time. Apart from this, the proposed system also provides other benefits like reduction in greenhouse gas emission (by 93%), auto power theft control, bio-fertilizers, and a clean environment.