Green NOMA M2M

With the advent of next-generation networks, such as 5G, and their support for spectrum hungry applications, industry has become more ambitious in finding new methods of exploiting existing spectrum. Methods to exploit existing spectrum include network densification and spectrum reuse, both of which attempt to increase spectral efficiency. Reuse of underutilized spectrum offers many opportunities for Service Providers (SPs) and a means of alleviating network congestion. In this paper we present green Non-Orthogonal Multiple Ac-cess (NOMA) Machine-to-Machine (M2M), where underutilized NOMA power-domain resources are re-purposed for non-QoS (no guaranteed Quality of Service) delay tolerant network flows in a non-performance impacting manner. Based on the set of users allocated NOMA resources, small cells determine the minimum Signal-to-Interference-Noise-Ratio (SINR) required, and then al-locate the remaining power for green M2M. Using game theory we design an incentive compatible resource determination and allocation mechanism. In the mechanism, delay tolerant flows compete for resources via a non-QoS Variable Resource Block (VRB) auction. An inherent benefit of this model is that it enables information dissemination using existing standardized methods and does not adversely impact system performance. We show that our auction approximates the profit and al-locative efficiency performance characteristics of the Vickrey Clarke Groves (VCG) auction, yet runs in P-time. In addition, we show that via NOMA and statistical SINR the underutilized spectrum can be estimated and exploited without sacrificing the SP's available spectrum, while also enabling the SP the ability to increase their revenue without impacting the QoS guarantees of primary cellular users.