A Total-Cross-Tied-Based Dynamic Photovoltaic Array Reconfiguration for Water Pumping System

Most Photo-voltaic (PV) applications require a shadow-free area for the installation of the PV panels. However, shading is inevitable in a few applications like building-integrated PV pumping systems (BIPVPS). Partial shading occurs due to soiling, clouds, shades of nearby trees, buildings, current, and telephone poles. During this partial shading condition, the PV array output power decreases, reducing the efficiency of the BIPVPS. In this paper, a novel dynamic array reconfiguration technique is proposed to enhance the power output from the PV array. The proposed system uses a boost converter with an incremental conductance algorithm for operating enhanced power at the maximum. Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) technique based on $V/f$ control operates the induction motor. Thus, the proposed algorithm and maximum power point technique (MPPT) enhance the power output from the PV array and track the global power. The PI and $V/f$ control regulate the dc-link voltage and speed of the Induction motor. Simulations and experimental studies are performed to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The proposed system results in additional 234 W PV power extraction compared to the conventional system. Thus, making the proposed BIPVPS efficient.