Proposing a new protocol for using device-to-device communications in narrowband IoT-based systems

The Internet of Things is a global industrial movement that brings together new types of network communications by combing people, processes, data, and objects. As we see today, the IoT is evolving quickly, and with billions of devices connected to the Internet in different areas and many devices connected to each other, challenges are emerging. One of the biggest challenges in IoT is the scale and range of such communications. Considering these challenges, the technologies proposed in LPWAN are among the communication requirements in IoT. Various technologies and standards have been proposed for LPWAN networks based on the IoT requirements. Narrowband Internet of Things (NB - IoT) is one of the technologies related to cellular telecommunication introduced by 3GPP standardization organization with the aim of creating a long range and low consumption network. In addition to these two characteristics, the low cost and reuse of existing infrastructure for cellular and LTE technologies make the importance of using NB -IoT in the Internet of Things even more evident. LTE-A telecommunication technologies include D2D communication, which transmits information directly between the user and the base station (BS); it improves power consumption, spectral efficiency, and reduces network latency. In this research, we consider a heterogeneous network where the NB -IOT system is located. In this case, the communication link between the user and the base station cannot meet the quality of service (Qos) required to transmit sensitive and important data. To solve this problem, we will use D2D communication as routing method. This method for the NB system -IOT allows the connection between the user and the base station to communicate through D2D relays with dual-jump routing. This study will also include optimization issues and finding an algorithm to reduce latency, increase EDR and improve performance. At the end the proposed scheme will show a stable double hop delay even for a low transmission power.