4-Cell Passive Battery Management System for Automotive Applications

In this paper, a Battery Management System (BMS) is designed and implemented to enable fast balancing during charging of four Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) cells connected in series, designated to replace the classical Lead-Acid battery of a vehicle. The BMS enables passive balancing of the LiFePO4 cells for both charging and discharging phases using the bleeding charge resistor method. The measured parameters (cells voltages, pack temperature) are transmitted to other Electronic Control Units (ECUs) using the Controller Area Network (CAN) of the vehicle.