Implementation of LEACH Protocol for Cluster Head Selection in D2D Cooperative Communication Systems

Device-to-device communication (D2D) is a promising technology for future mobile networks that allow users to communicate directly without using the cellular system's infrastructure. However, since the battery power of each mobile device is limited, it is necessary to extend the network life by reducing its energy consumption. Clustering-based protocols could reduce the energy consumption by balancing all nodes into cluster heads (CH). This paper implements the recent hierarchical routing based on the Low Energy Adaptive Hierarchical Clustering (LEACH) protocol for a CH selection to increase device lifetime in cooperative D2D communication systems. First, the CH is selected based on each device's distance and the residual energy. Then, the LEACH protocol is implemented to choose CH in the D2D cooperative communication system to reduce energy consumption and increase the network life and aims to increase the reliability of the cooperative D2D communication system. Moreover, the proposed system model is provided to analyze cluster formation and energy consumption using computer simulation. The simulation results show that implementing the LEACH protocol can increase network life by knowing the number of dead devices and reducing energy consumption in cooperative D2D communication systems.