A Study of the Calibration Method for Receiver's GNSS

The evolution of global navigation satellite systems has formed a tendency towards the creation of methods for determining coordinates and time using multi-frequency navigation observations. This made it necessary to estimate the GNSS signals delays in receivers and satellites. This signal delays are considered constant in time and dependent on the frequency of the navigation signal. This circumstance makes it difficult to estimate the signal delays in the receiver for GLONASS. Currently, the GLONASS system uses frequency division of signals. It also complicates the monitoring of the Earth's ionosphere using GLONASS signals. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate such signal delays in satellites and receivers. There is a way to calibrate GNSS receivers using a signal simulator. Calibration is carried out in laboratories. But for receivers in hard-to-reach areas (for example, the Arctic and Antarctica), this calibration method is not suitable. Therefore, a method is needed to calibrate the receiver to GNSS signals. This paper describes the estimating delays problem of receiver navigation signals from GNSS observations. The conditions and methods of processing observations to estimate such delays are also considered.