An Optimal and Automatic Irrigation System for Pre-monsoon Crops Using Internet of Things

An IoT and sensor-based water management process is developed for crops like rice, jute, maize, etc which are cultivated in the pre-monsoon season in Bangladesh. Our proposed system is able to supply sufficient water in different crop fields optimally. Soil moisture sensors and water level sensors are used to detect adequate water needed for the corresponding crops. A rain sensor and a lightning sensor are used for controlling and protecting the water pump from high voltage levels. Servo motors maintain the entrance of water to the fields by opening and closing the path. Arduino UNO and Arduino nano are used for controlling and processing data and instructions. Every part of the system communicates with a Wi-Fi module. An Android app is used to add information of a new node for Dijkstra's algorithm. We have applied Dijkstra's algorithm for finding the shortest path for each field. Data of sensors from every field are sent by the Wi-Fi module.