Online smart charging algorithm with asynchronous electric vehicles demand

The increasing penetration of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and renewable energies into the grid necessitates tools to smooth the demand curve. To this end, this paper suggests an EV charging scheduling algorithm and a smart charging price. As EVs arrive at the charging station and leave at different times, the operator of the station applies at each EV arrival an online scheduling algorithm based on the concept of “water filling”. The EV charging price is guaranteed at their arrival and defined as a function of the online algorithm's output, following the idea of locational marginal pricing. A numerical comparison with the offline version of the algorithm - in which the operator knows in advance all future arrival and departure times - shows the efficiency of the suggested online scheduling algorithm.