Miniaturization of a Circular Directional Coupler of Marine Simulation System Using Artificial Lines

The possibility of using artificial lines for miniaturization of a circular directional coupler in modern maritime communications has been studied. A variant of constructing artificial lines and their calculation to reduce the size of the coupler is considered. Thanks to the optimization of all structural elements, it was possible to maintain the characteristics at a similar level to the standard device. The area of the miniaturized coupler is 77.5% smaller than that of a conventional coupler. The considered artificial lines can be applied to other couplers and microstrip devices.