A plausible model and solutions for an HSQ-related volume shrinkage of aluminum landing pad

When low k HSQ (Hydrogen Silsesquiozane) with DOM (Direct-on-Metal) technique is employed for mass-production, an unusual HSQ-related problem of metal volume shrinkage might occur at relatively small metal patterns such as landing pads, leading to yield loss. In this work, we have set up a plausible model for the mechanism of the shrinkage, presented the results from some split experiments conducted on the basis of the model, and finally proposed some ways to solve the problem by optimizing both fabrication processes and layout design.