Diabetic Retinopathy: New Perspectives with Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence, machine learning, and Deep Learning are gradually changing medical practice and are poised to influence nearly every aspect of the human condition. With recent advances in digital data acquisition, these techniques have the potential to be applied in almost every area of medicine, and are expanding into areas previously thought to be only the province of human experts, and ophthalmology is no an exception to this trend.However, appropriately designed clinical trials are needed before these emerging techniques can be applied in a real-world clinical setting. In this work, we outline recent breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence technologies and their applications in ophthalmology, specifically in the screening of Diabetic Retinopathy which is a microvascular disorder occurring due to long term effects of diabetes leading to blindness. After a comparative study of image processing solutions, we chose image segmentation to analyze the images provided by the Ophthalmic Center of the Cheikh Zaïd Foundation in Rabat.