Electricity-Heat-Hydrogen Modeling of Hydrogen Storage System Considering Off-Design Characteristics

With the advantages of zero carbon emission and multi-energy comprehensive utilization, hydrogen storage is the pivotal technology to help realize the goal of net-zero carbon and establish a new energy system. Combining the simple linear model and the complex mechanism model, this paper proposes an electricity-heat-hydrogen model of the hydrogen storage system considering off-design characteristics. In the proposed off-design hydrogen storage system (OD-HSS) model, critical operating variables like input power and electrolyte temperature are included to achieve a compromise between practicability and accuracy. Furthermore, the proposed OD-HSS model is applied to practical scheduling to verify its advantages in accuracy and practicality through the case studies. The results indicate that the proposed OD-HSS model managed to depict the efficiency changes under different circumstances, promote flexibility in heat storage, and lead to a more economical energy supply.