Combined Approach for Power Loss Minimization in Distribution Networks in the Presence of Gridable Electric Vehicles and Dispersed Generation

Increased electric vehicles (EVs) penetration into the distribution network burdens the system during the charging process. But the same turns out to be advantageous if the EVs are used to support the utility based on the requirement. In this work, an attempt is made to efficiently schedule both the grid-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-grid operational modes of EVs with the objective of reducing power loss in the distribution system in presence of distributed generation (DG). The EVs are modeled by considering the dominating factors, such as EV State of Charge (SoC), trip conditions, EV battery capacity, charging/discharging levels. An improvement to the existing grasshopper optimization technique is also suggested in this article, which enhances the exploring capability of the metaheuristic algorithm. The presented methodology is a combination of smart charging method, voltage stability index, and enhanced grasshopper optimization algorithm (EGOA), which decides the size of DGs to be placed in the system. The proposed hybrid approach tries to schedule both the EVs and DGs so as to achieve reduced power loss and improved voltage profile. In order to test the robustness of the proposed strategy, various analyses considering uncertainty in EVs and load conditions are performed.