Mapping of Flood Prone Area in Jakarta using Fuzzy C- Means

The geographical condition of Jakarta, which has low ground contours and an area passed by 13 river flows, causes a high risk of flooding. Therefore, the Jakarta Provincial Government needs evidence-based policies to deal with potential floods to protect residents from the threat of flood disasters. Mapping flood-prone areas in Jakarta can be a reference to minimize the significant loss and harm due to flooding. However, at this moment, it is still challenging to find an appropriate clustering model for classifying and mapping flood risk in Jakarta. Therefore, this study utilized K-Means and Fuzzy C-Means to analyze the flood-prone of 42 sub-districts in Jakarta based on four variables: groundwater usage, number of flood reports, water level during the flood, and land subsidence. According to Pseudo-F analysis, four is the optimum number of clusters. The result shows that the Fuzzy C-Means is a better model than K-Means in grouping flood-prone sub-districts in Jakarta based on the Icdrate test. The mapping of the flood-prone area in Jakarta using Fuzzy C-Means shows that some clusters are nearby. Furthermore, it suggests that sub-districts with high and relatively high flood risk are mainly located in West Jakarta and South Jakarta. Fuzzy C-Means promising results in mapping flood-prone areas to support the Provincial Government of Jakarta in formulating development plans for flood mitigation in Jakarta.