A 3D Non-Stationary GBSM for Underwater Acoustic MIMO Communication Systems

A three dimensional (3D) geometry-based stochastic model (GBSM) for underwater acoustic (UWA) wireless communication systems in shallow sea is proposed in this paper. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) sonar setting is supported in this model and some characteristics such as the wideband property, multipath propagation, and non-stationarity of UWA channels are taken into account. The time autocorrelation function (ACF) and spatial cross-correlation function (CCF) of UWA communication channels are derived and simulated. The simulation results show that this model can describe the characteristics of UWA channels accurately.