The freight undertaking strategy for fresh product e-commerce supply chain with different power structures

This paper investigates a fresh product e-commerce supply chain (FPESC) consisting of one supplier, one e-retailer and one third-party logistics (3pl) provider. The impact of different power structures and freight undertaking strategies on the equilibrium decisions of the FPESC are explored. According to different power structures and the freight undertaking strategy, six Stackelberg models are constructed. It is found that no matter who acts as the Stackelberg leader and who undertakes the freight, the total profits of the FPESC are not affected.