Node Localization Techniques Analysis in Challenging Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) plays an important role in connecting oceans resources to the world. Ocean is a big source of minerals and that should be explored and can be used for the survival, so UWSN helps in exploring these resources. To perform this task different sensors are deployed and useful information is collected using sensors. Sensor node's location helps in collection of useful information. Localization helps in finding the location of sensor nodes. In this paper, node localization algorithms are divided based on the position where localization process carried out. If central position is used then centralized localization algorithms are used and if node calculate its positions independently then distributed localization algorithms are used. Here, different localization algorithms are presented based on classification distributed and centralized. Then using simulation results, some state-of-the art techniques are compared based on localization coverage and localization error QoS parameters.