Review on the State-of-the-art Operation and Planning of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in Electricity Distribution Systems

This Due to the ever-increasing electricity demand and the environmental concerns such as CO
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emissions, electric vehicles (EVs) have been considerably employed in the recent years. In this regard, some developed countries have even allocated incentives and subsidies for EV prosumers. Although, EV employment can compensate the negative effects of fuel-based vehicles, it can be a potential threat to electricity distribution system (EDS). In fact, non-coordinated charging of EVs can result in several operational problems such as supply imbalance and voltage/frequency deviation. To ensure a secure and reliable EDS operation it is essential to investigate the effects of EV charging stations on distribution systems. This has been undertaken through several studies in the recent years, exploring different approaches in planning and operation of EV charging stations. This review study provides supportive insights on the state-of-the-art operation and planning of electric vehicle charging stations in EDSs by introducing the recent trends, methodologies, and novelties in this field of study. The literature has been presented considering both qualitative and quantitative aspects.