Dynamic Modelling of Fuel Cell Systems for Electric Propulsion

In this paper, a dynamic model is developed for hybrid electric powertrains with fuel cell and batteries. The hybrid powertrain is considered mainly for marine propulsion with dynamic load, although the study can be generalized to other types of transportation. The dynamic model is established based on equivalent circuit models of fuel cell, battery, and converter interfaces. The effect of the fuel flow rate is also included in the system model incorporating with the equivalent circuit of the fuel cell. The battery is used as energy storage and mainly for the peak shaving under transient loads and peak loads. The simulation results are presented such as load sharing between the fuel cell and battery under various load conditions.