Complementary business models for distribution system operator in a peer-to-peer electricity market

As more distributed renewable energy resources are connected and peer-to-peer energy trading frameworks are forming, the traditional business model of the distribution system operator and energy retailers faces emerging load and price risks. In this paper, two sustainable and complementary business models for the DSO the new energy ecosystem are proposed: DSO as the platform operator of the P2P energy exchange framework (including flexibility market and electric vehicle market) and DSO as the service supplier. The two complementary business models exploit the competitive advantages of the DSO (infrastructure, expertise) and provide the DSO with sustainable income stream to complement the revenue reduction under intermittent scenario of demand and DRES production.