Simulation of the Influence of Smart Grid Users in Smart City on the Operation of a Single-Phase Distribution Transformer

When considering the new standards of a smart city and its power systems, special focus is given to the power transformer and its control and monitoring systems as well as load management. After all, at the moment this link is most vulnerable to the factors of influence on the part of the energy source and its quality on the one hand and reasonable consumers of electricity on the other. As a result of working with the increasing load of components of a smart city, the probability of critical damage to the transformer and even its failure increases. Recent research is mostly based on the analysis of the spectral influence of current and voltage of smart network consumers on the distribution transformer. The order of definition of components of active and reactive power of the distributive transformer in the loading mode taking into account influence of nonlinear consumers of Smart Grid is offered as indicators of the state of the transformer winding. On the laboratory equipment performed modeling of the influence of Smart Grid users on the operation of a single-phase distribution transformer. The primary sequence of the experiment to study the energy performance of the distribution transformer in the mode of loading by nonlinear Smart Grid consumers has been developed. For this purpose, a model of a distribution transformer was built and the indicators of the harmonic spectra of the active and reactive power of the controlled windings were determined for all harmonics to be determined. The influence of DG on the harmonic power spectrum and its negative influence on the manifestation of harmonic monitors of components, namely harmonic components of 6th and 8th orders, is noted. The results of the study can be used as a tool that can serve as a mathematical assessment of the system of calculation and development of fault monitors based on the spectrally analyzed flow of power, current and voltage.