Experimental Demonstration of Enhanced Efficiency Non-Magnetic Time-Modulated Circulator

Conventional circulators are made of magnetic ferrites and suffer from a cumbersome architecture, incompatibility with integrated circuit technology and inability for high frequency applications. To overcome these limitations, here we propose a lightweight low-profile non-magnetic circulator composed of a nonreciprocal time-varying phase shifter. This circulator introduces strong isolation level of greater than 32 dB and is endowed with a reconfigurable architecture.