A Comparative Analysis of LEACH, TL-LEACH and EHCA Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)

WSNs are made up of a dense geographical area in which many sensor nodes (SNs) are positioned, each of which detects data and sends it to the base station (BS). To extend the lifespan of SNs for different WSN applications, there is a need to reduce the energy utilization of each sensor node which increases its performance. A new approach called the Hierarchical clustering approach is made use of to reduce the usage of energy in which the node with more energy aggregates the information and route to the BS. In this paper, the Clustering algorithms like Low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy algorithm (LEACH), Three-Layer LEACH (TL-LEACH), and Enhanced Hierarchical Clustering algorithm (EHCA) for WSN were simulated and compared using MATLAB software. The SNs and BSs are positioned in a 200×200 m
²
geographical area, and the energy utilization is simulated for 1000 rounds. Based on the simulation results, the EHCA algorithm is found to be more energy-efficient, which in turn increases the network lifetime.