Fuzzy-based energy management system for isolated microgrids using generation and demand forecast

Energy solutions based on sustainable microgrids have been increasing since isolated areas with difficult access can benefit from these feasible solutions. In this context, this paper presents the design of an energy management system based on a fuzzy logic controller for an isolated microgrid composed of a diesel generator, a photovoltaic generator, and a battery energy storage system. The management strategy uses generation and load forecasting to anticipate the future behavior of the microgrid, while considering that the battery state of charge is within safe limits. The main objective is to maintain an average value of the battery state of charge around 75% of its nominal capacity to improve and extend its lifetime. Three different scenarios are performed to provide electric power solutions to an isolated community in Ecuador, and the results are compared with a management strategy without forecasting. The results show that generation and load forecasts help the system to deal with constant load variations, avoiding many times that the battery state of charge reaches the safety limits. At the same time, the proposed strategy reduces the production of wasted diesel power.