Time Series Photogrammetric Processing Workflow for Wave-Washed Areas

The present study explores the capabilities of a low-cost and standard drone for the generation of a mixed dataset processed as an orthophotomosaic, and surface exposure mesh over the inaccessible wave-washed Wildlife Refuge of Ilha dos Lobos in the southern Brazilian coast. The area comprises an important Marine Protected Area used as a seasonal resting refuge of South American sea lions and fur seals that is continuously washed by wave actions, restricting human access for conventional field mapping. The results have estimated a total surface exposure of the island of 20,806.8 m
²
, which is an increase of 14.01 % on the total area relative to the most exposed single survey done so far. In futures works, these results will provide data for the geological characterization of the island, which will increase the information on the environment given support to the Wildlife Refuge of Ilha dos Lobos management plan.