Learning a Model-Based Deep Hyperspectral Denoiser from a Single Noisy Hyperspectral Image

Hyperspectral image (HSI) denoising is a crucial preprocessing procedure to improve the quality of HSI. Model-based methods take the degradation model and the structure of underlying clean HSI into account for denoising but require a large number of numerical iterations and exhausting parameter tuning. Deep-learning-based (DL-based) methods directly learn the nonlinear transformation of clean and noisy image HSI pairs, but rely on large-scale high-quality training samples because of its “black box” denoising mechanism. In this paper, we propose a model-based DL method for HSI denoising to combine the advantages of model-based methods and DL-based methods. Specifically, we first build a HSI denoising model based on sparse representation. Then, we unfold the iterative optimization under the framework of gradient descent with momentum to yield a Gradient Momentum Sparse Coding Network (GMSC-Net) for denoising. In order to overcome the unavailability of noisy-clean HSI pairs for training, we directly learn GMSC-Net from a single HSI. The observed noisy HSI is grouped into a number of clusters containing local cubes. The cluster centers are treated as “clean” cubes and are polluted by noises, yielding a set of “noisy-clean” pairs for training. Extensive experiments show the effectiveness of our method on both synthetic and real-world datasets.