Hybrid Design Solution Optimized for Different Types of Buildings Using Renewable Energy

Romania, as part of the EU, develops new projects based on renewable sources in the supply of electricity and heat for small communities, in remote areas, or residential complexes. This paper presents a hybrid solution for partial supply of electricity to a school located in an area with solar potential, from the southeastern part of Romania. The school has an annual electricity consumption of 1,174 GWh with a peak electric load of 335 MW. At the beginning, some data referring to the geographical conditions of the area, based on environmental measurements and the energetic conditions, as the building structure, number of windows and walls, and scheme of the school operation are presented. Considering the existing electrical equipment and the lighting of the building, the total electricity consumption was estimated. The numerical simulation and tests of the elaborated mathematical model was realized for a school with 20 classes, on two levels, with two entrances and an inner courtyard. Some solutions to reduce electricity consumption and peak demand are mentioned. An optimization was performed based on the created model, taking into account the solar radiation available annually for this area of approximately 1500 kWh/m
²
/year. The results of these analyzes indicate that the implementation of the cost-effectiveness method for this building reduces electricity consumption by 18%, maximum demand by 21% and CO2 emissions by 11%, taking into account the minimization of consumption during the periods when the school is not functional (holidays, weekends.