Modelling and challenges of integration of large renewable power plants

The connection of new large renewable power plants has challenges for optimal integration into a power system. Proper assessment is essential to consider any possible impact, apply countermeasures, and optimize performance. Early cooperation with the transmission system operator is required to align grid operation, plant operation, and specialists' experience from the manufacturer. The transmission system operator needs to gain an accurate steady-state and dynamic model of the converter-based power plant and confirmation that the plant configuration complies with grid codes. The investigations allow the manufacturer to modify or optimize the controllers, assess the impact on the shaft and other components, and perform corrections in protection devices and relay settings. This ensures given performance guarantees and proper operation of the newly commissioned plant. Any possible impact on the power system or the converter interfaced generation (CIG) is assessed, and necessary countermeasures can be applied. The described procedure was successfully applied at several renewable power plant projects of different types, such as hydropower plants, Wind and PV parks, providing communities and countries with efficient and renewable electrical power. The dynamic models developed are optimized, improved, and validated.