On Addressing the Security and Stability Issues Due to False Data Injection Attacks in DC Microgrids—An Adaptive Observer Approach

This article proposes an observer-based methodology to detect and mitigate false data injection attacks in collaborative dc microgrids. The ability of observers to effectively detect such attacks is complicated by the presence of unknown nonlinear constant power loads. This article determines that, in the presence of unknown constant power loads, the considered attack detection and mitigation problem involves nonlinearities, locally unobservable states, unknown parameters, uncertainty, and noise. Taking into account these limitations, a distributed nonlinear adaptive observer is proposed to overcome these limitations and solve the concerned observation problem. The necessary conditions for the stability of the distributed scheme are found out. Moreover, numerical simulations are performed and then validated in a real experimental prototype, where communication delay, uncertainty, and noise are considered.