An Easy-to-Implement Macro-Model for Evaluation of Lightning Induced Voltages on Overhead Lines and Its Interface With PSCAD

Accurate evaluating the lightning induced voltages of distributed networks has been the subject for several decades. The technique on the interface between the field-to-line coupling model and power system simulators are of particular interest. In this article, a solution of the Agrawal's field-to-line coupling model is derived and an easy-to-implement macro-model is developed. Combining with the “Frequency Dependent (Phase) Model” component included in PSCAD, the proposed macro-model can be directly integrated into PSCAD to evaluate the lightning induced voltages on the overhead lines. The validity and efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated by several examples. Finally, a 1-km 35 kV overhead line above an imperfectly conducting ground is studied, and the influences of the metal-oxide arrester to the lightning induced voltages are discussed.