Robust Allocation of Battery Energy Storage Considering Battery Cycle Life

The incorporation of electrochemical battery energy storage systems (BESS) and large-scale wind farms are envisioned to be a fast and flexible solution to mitigating wind output fluctuation and promoting renewable resources penetration. However, the large-scale application of grid-side BESS has been hindered by its uncertain economic viability, especially in the presence of wind generations uncertainties. The installation of BESS is expensive for its limited lifespan and an accurate battery cycle life assessment in the planning stage is necessary. To this end, this paper proposes a cycle-life-aware two-stage robust allocation model for BESSs integrated with wind farms. We internalize the linearized battery cycle life model into the two-stage robust optimization (RO) framework and co-optimize the capacity configuration and charge/discharge strategies under the worst-case realization of wind uncertainty. The proposed model explicitly considers battery cycle-life degradation and preserves the computational tractability of RO. The applicability of the conducted work is verified on a modified IEEE 39-bus system and a real provincial power grid of China.