Hematological Profiles of Benzene-Induced Rats Treated with Ethanolic Extract of Syzygium Polyanthum

Anemia is a decrease in the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin levels in the body. It is very necessary to ensure the availability of sufficient amount of oxygen to maintain stamina and perform normal metabolic functions. Furthermore, benzene is used to reducethe white and red blood cell levels, hemoglobin, and hematocrit due to its high level of toxicity. On the other hand, it is known that Syzygium polyanthum has antioxidant effects and high amounts of flavonoids. This study aims to prove the effect of Syzygium polyanthum in preventing the occurrence of aplastic anemia in benzene-induced rats. The experiment was divided into 11 groups consisting of: normal, benzene every 3 days, benzene every 6 days, vitamin c + benzene 3, vitamin c + benzene 6, EESP 400, 600, and 800 + benzene 3 and 6 days. Benzene was given every 3 and 6 days, while the ethanol extract of Syzygium polyanthum (EESP) and vitamin C was given every day for 21 days. On the day of 22, the subjects (rats) blood was taken to measure and observe the complete blood and calcium conditions. Bone marrow was taken from 3 vertebrae and then performed H&E and slides (observed under a microscope with a magnification of 40x100). The results showed that the benzene group significantly reduced the levels of RBC, WBC, HGB, Hematocrit, MCH, MCHC, MCV compared to normal (p<0.05). In addition, the group which given EESP increased levels of RBC, WBC, HGB, Hematocrit, MCH, MCHC, MCV. The calcium levels in the benzene-only group experienced a significant decrease compared to the normal group (p<0.05). Histopathologically the group that was given benzene had hypocellularity.