Demand-side response strategy of multi-microgrids based on an improved co-evolution algorithm

An effective modeling and optimization method, which takes into account source-load-storage coordination, and full-time collaborative optimization within and outside micro-grids, is introduced. Considering the operational conditions of various resources and their interactions, an energy management model for microgrids is proposed aiming at maximization of renewable energy utilization and minimization of overall system costs. The model is suitable for both real-time pricing and time-of-use mechanisms. In microgrids, demand response and economic energy storage dispatch are introduced to enhance self-coordination and self-balancing ability among different resources. Depending on whether there is still an imbalance between supply and demand after coordination within a microgrid, trade between it and external microgrids are optimized in a orderly manner by considering different transaction prices and usage rights. Finally, three different schemes are designed, where the Lagrangian multiplier method as well as a co-evolution algorithm are used to solve and analyze different examples, verifying the reliability and validity of the method proposed in this paper.