Diffraction Loss Modeling for V2V Wireless Channel in Viaduct Scenarios at 5.9 GHz Band

In vehicular communication scenarios, viaduct is one of common road network structures, making significant impact on the characteristics of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) wireless channel. This paper proposes four diffraction loss models for viaduct scenarios, covering normal viaduct and ramp, viaduct and ramp with soundproof walls. It is found that the special structure of viaduct will have a significant effect on the diffraction loss of V2V wireless channel. Our analysis result shows that the normal ramp can reduce the diffraction loss by about 13 dB when the carrier frequency is 5.9 GHz band and the distance between transmitter and receiver is within 100 m. Meanwhile, the ramp with soundproof wall can reduce the diffraction loss by about 10 dB. In addition, the soundproof wall in the viaduct scenario will increase the diffraction loss by about 3.6 dB, while the additional diffraction loss caused by the soundproof wall in the ramp scenario can reach 3.6 to 6 dB. It indicates that the impact from viaduct on diffraction cannot be neglected in the vehicular channel modeling.