Anti-Solvent Vapor-Assisted Crystallization Control on High Performance Perovskite Solar Cell via Sandwich Evaporation Technique

Perovskite layer is formed by sandwich evaporation technique (SET) process. First, spin coating CH
3
NH
3
I (MAI) and thermal evaporate PbI
2
. Second, evaporate MAI at low pressure by SET chamber. Through the double-interdiffusion of MAI and PbI
2
, we adjust the reaction conditions by different evaporation time and chlorobenzene added, which called anti-solvent vapor-assisted crystallization (AVC), can spend less time and cost to make better morphology of perovskite crystallize and enhance to high PCE=13.08%.