EuDaimon: PUF-Based Robust and Lightweight Authenticated Session Key Establishment Protocol for IoT-Enabled Smart Society

The fast-growing technology has increased the demands of the Internet of Things (IoT) in different sectors, and the protection of security threats in IoT communication is a major challenge. This article presents a network diagram of the smart societies by enabling the sensor and camera technology. This article aims to provide and protect all kinds of security concerns during the transmission of sensed data to the cloud server. Therefore, a physically-unclonable-function-based authentication protocol has been proposed (called EuDaimon) to establish secure communication among the entities involved. The EuDaimon protocol not only achieves the lightweight property, but also assists remote users who can access the cloud server as well as any sensor or camera after performing only one-time registration. The informal security analysis shows that the EuDaimon protocol is free from all kinds of security threats. The Scyther simulation ensures that the EuDaimon protocol has no security vulnerabilities. The performance comparison claims that the EuDaimon protocol is providing better performance although more participants are involved in the architecture.

I. Introduction

The Smart society is a well-established narrative nowadays. The notion of the smart society incorporates capturing huge abundant data using technology and shaping an efficient world. The huge amount of data consists of the accurate measurements of things to optimize society’s functioning. In their 2014 Big Innovation paper [1], Charles and Wong described a smart society that successfully harnesses the potential of digital technology and connected devices and uses digital networks to improve people’s lives. Research work like [2] shows that a smart society empowers good governance and environmental sustainability. Fig. 1 shows different segments such as housing colonies, health facilities, etc., and the layerwise analysis. Hard lifestyles make the management of modern condominiums problematic. The segments provide the facility in an efficient way using new-age technology that operates on fully automated mobile and web apps. Research papers like [1] demonstrated that the smart society includes housing colonies, which are fully facilitated with smart lock systems, light control systems that services energy management, smart thermostat, etc. The sensor nodes capture the data and yield computable responses. However, in a smart society, the sensor nodes are also required to be secured enough as they hold certain information that has higher odds to get retrieved by an adversary, which could utilize the insecure communication channels. Therefore, to secure the nodes, we use physically unclonable functions (PUFs) that are embedded inside the sensor nodes while manufacturing. These PUFs provide security and uniqueness to the device. All the data sensed by the PUF-embedded sensors are sent to the cloud server via the base station from where it could be accessed by the user only if proven as an authenticated user.