MODEL OF END‐TO‐END COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM

This chapter discusses how to model the end‐to‐end communications system at layer 1 of the Open Systems Interconnect communications model, the physical layer. There are three general ways to perform analyses: by hand mathematically or with Microsoft's Excel, by software simulation on the computer, and by hardware emulation. An analysis model of the end‐to‐end satellite communications system with a bent‐ pipe payload consists of three main parts, the ground transmitter, the satellite payload, and the ground receiver. Among the reasons for performing a simulation with focus on the payload are the following: to help determine the payload specifications; and to assess the bit error rate sensitivity to a range of values for a payload parameter to support a request for specification relief. The simulation works on the complex baseband equivalent of radiation frequency and intermediate frequency.