Sensors for Next-Generation Smart Batteries in Automotive: a Review

Innovation of the battery technology is of paramount importance for the development and widespread of electrification in transport modes. In addition to the ongoing evolution and research on novel and better chemistries, the application of sensors and measurement techniques at the battery cell level could foster the electrification process by introducing novel concepts like the Smart Battery. This work presents the Smart Battery paradigm and reviews the state-of-the-art sensor technologies that can be of interest for its development in automotive.