Optimal Torque Distribution of Dual-Motor All-Wheel Drive Electric Vehicles for Maximizing Motor Energy Efficiency

This paper presents the suitable choices for the front- and rear-wheel motors of a dual-motor all-wheel drive electric vehicle (EV) based on the optimal torque distribution for high efficiency. Interior permanent magnet synchronous, induction, and PM-assisted synchronous reluctance machines are among the top machine contenders for either of the axles of the vehicle. The fuel economy analysis according to motor combinations and torque distribution is conducted. The B-segment EV is used for fuel economy tests with the UDDS and the HWY driving cycles in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simulation results show that induction machine for the front-wheel motor with the proposed optimal torque distribution when the rear-wheel motor is the permanent magnet synchronous machine reduces the total amount of motor energy consumption.