Improvement of Strain Measurement Range via Image Processing Methods in OFDR System

We have experimentally analyzed and compared the performance of optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) assisted by image processing methods including wavelet transform and Gaussian filter arithmetic in terms of strain measurement range. The incomplete space similarity in the distributed strain measurement is used to recover the accurate strain gradient information by the image processing methods. The distributed spectrum shifts of the cross-correlation calculation along the sensing fiber between reference signal and measurement signal is regarded as a two-dimension (2D) image which is disposed by the proposed methods rather than extracting the spectrum shifts immediately. Compared with the traditional processing method, the proposed image processing method is able to remove and smoothen the fake peaks or outliers caused by the spatial mismatch of stretched fiber in OFDR system. In the experiments, strain gradient information up to 7000 μϵ can be identified by the proposed methods with a 4 mm spatial resolution. Furthermore, the wavelet transform is discussed in detail in order to determine the value of the suitable decomposition level in OFDR data processing scheme. The proposed methods provide a new idea to achieve the wide strain measurement range in OFDR system, which is a significant step toward a high-performance distributed sensing system, especially for occasions when a wide range of strain measurement is required.