Taxonomy of Trust-Relevant Failures and Mitigation Strategies

We develop a taxonomy that categorizes HRI failure types and their impact on trust to structure the broad range of knowledge contributions. We further identify research gaps in order to support fellow researchers in the development of trustworthy robots. Studying trust repair in HRI has only recently been given more interest and we propose a taxonomy of potential trust violations and suitable repair strategies to support researchers during the development of interaction scenarios. The taxonomy distinguishes four failure types: Design, System, Expectation, and User failures and outlines potential mitigation strategies. Based on these failures, strategies for autonomous failure detection and repair are presented, employing explanation, verification and validation techniques. Finally, a research agenda for HRI is outlined, discussing identified gaps related to the relation of failures and HR-trust. CCS CONCEPTS •Human-centered computing $\rightarrow$ User models; Interaction design theory, concepts and paradigms; HCI theory, concepts and models; Empirical studies in HCI; • Computer systems organization $\rightarrow$ Robotics. ACM Reference Format: Suzanne Tolmeijer, Astrid Weiss, Marc Hanheide, Felix Lindner, Thomas M Powers, Clare Dixon, and Myrthe L. Tielman. 2020. Taxonomy of Trust-Relevant Failures and Mitigation Strategies. In Proceedings of the 2020 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI’20), March 23-26, 2020, Cambridge, United Kingdom. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 10 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3319502.3374793