Optimization of the Transmission Function of the Diffraction Grating for Operation in Higher Orders

The paper considers the issue of increasing the efficiency of using higher diffraction orders of an amplitude transmitting diffraction grating for the purposes of spectral analysis of optical radiation. The topology of a high-order diffraction grating is proposed, which is represented by alternating transparent and opaque strokes of different widths. This topology makes it possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency in the 3rd and 4th orders. Ways of further improving the topology of a high-order diffraction grating are investigated. An algorithm and its software implementation in the MATLAB system are presented for finding the transmission function of an amplitude diffraction grating for the most efficient use of the specified higher diffraction orders. The results of calculations of the parameters of the grooves of the diffraction grating in relative units for using the second order of diffraction with effective suppression of neighboring orders are presented.